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FOREIGN POLICY AND MARTIME SECURITY OF INDIA

By: Publication details: NEW CENTURY PUBLICATIONS 2013 NEW DELHIDescription: 459 P. HARDISBN:
  • 9788177083514
DDC classification:
  • 327.0954
Contents:
1. India at a Glance 1.1 Physiography and Relief 1.2 Range of Biodiversity 1.3 Agro-climatic Zones 1.4 Water Resources 1.5 Climate 1.5.1 Evaporation 1.5.2 Temperature 1.5.3 Rainfall 1.6 Demography 1.7 Cultural Pattern 1.8 Political and Governance Structure 1.8.1 India: A Federal Polity 1.8.2 Parliamentary Government 1.9 President 1.9.1 Vice-President 1.10 Prime Minister 1.10.1 Civil Services 1.10.2 Cabinet Secretary 1.11 Judiciary 1.11.1 Public Interest Litigation (PIL) 1.12 Socio-economic Transformation 2. Human and Natural Resources 2.1 Human Resources 2.1.1 Characteristics of India’s Population 2.1.2 Highlights of 2011 Census 2.1.3 Population Policy 2.1.4 Demographic Dividend Hypothesis 2.2 Natural Resources 2.2.1 Land Resources 2.2.2 Water Resources 2.2.3 Forest Resources 2.2.4 Mineral Resources 3. Poverty and Economic Planning 3.1 Problem of Poverty 3.1.1 Poverty Line Defined 3.1.2 Causes of Poverty 3.1.3 Incidence of Poverty 3.1.4 Eleventh Plan on Poverty 3.1.5 Expert Group on Poverty (Chairman: Suresh Tendulkar), 2009 3.2 Economic Planning 3.2.1 Establishment of the Planning Commission 3.2.2 Establishment of National Development Council (NDC) 3.2.3 Objectives of Economic Planning in India 3.2.4 Assessment of Planning Experience 4. Agriculture and Rural Development 4.1 Agriculture 4.1.1 Role of Agriculture in the Indian Economy 4.1.2 Use Distribution of India’s Geographical Area 4.1.3 Subsistence Nature of Farming and Small-sized Holdings 4.1.4 Cropping Pattern in Indian Agriculture 4.1.5 Classification of Agricultural Crops 4.1.6 Low Productivity of Indian Agriculture 4.1.7 Causes of Low Productivity 4.1.8 Declining Share of Agriculture in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) 4.2 Rural Development 4.2.1 Degree of Ruralisation 4.2.2 Rural Employment Programmes 4.2.4 Rural Credit 4.2.5 Rural Housing 4.2.6 Rural Transport and Communications 4.2.7 Rural Electrification 4.2.8 Rural Water Supply 4.2.9 Rural Health and Family Welfare 4.2.10 Rural Sanitation and Cleanliness 4.2.11 Rural Education and Training 4.2.12 E-governance in Rural Areas 5. Industry and Minerals 5.1 Industrial Policy and Development 5.1.1 Pre-Independence Period 5.1.2 Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948 5.1.3 Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956 5.1.4 Industrial Licensing Policy Inquiry Committee (ILPIC), 1969 5.1.5 Industrial Policy Statements 1973, 1977 and 1980 5.1.6 New Economic Policy and Industrial Liberalisation, 1985 5.1.7 Industrial Policy Statement, 1991 5.1.8 Select Legislations Regulating Industrial Activities 5.1.9 Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) 5.1.10 Select Institutions for Industrial Development 5.1.11 Public Sector Enterprises 5.1.12 Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) 5.1.13 Industrial Finance and Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) 5.1.14 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for Industrial Development 5.1.15 Industrial Relations and Labour Laws 5.2 Mineral Wealth of India 5.2.1 Importance of Minerals 5.2.2 Present Mineral Scenario 5.2.3 National Mineral Policy (NMP), 2008 5.2.4 Initiatives Taken for Implementation of NMP, 2008 6. Infrastructure Development and Services 6.1 India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL) 6.2 Power Sector Reforms 6.2.1 Electricity Act, 2003 6.2.2 Electricity Rules, 2005 6.2.3 National Electricity Policy, 2005 6.2.4 Private Enterprise in Power Sector 6.3 Transport Sector 6.3.1 Indian Railways 6.3.2 Roads and Road Transport 6.3.3 Shipping and Ports 6.3.4 Civil Aviation 6.4 Telecommunications 6.4.1 National Telecom Policy (NTP), 2011 and 2012 6.5 IT and IT-enabled Services 6.6 Special Economic Zones (SEZs) 6.6.1 Special Economic Zones Act, 2005 7. Fiscal Policy and Reforms 7.1 Government Budgeting 7.1.1 Revenue Budget 7.1.2 Capital Budget 7.1.3 Various Measures of Budget Deficit 7.1.4 Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act, 2003 7.2 Taxation Policy 7.2.1 Income Tax 7.2.2 Wealth Tax 7.2.3 Union Excise Duties 7.2.4 Taxation of Services 7.2.5 Customs Duties 7.3 Public Expenditure 7.4 Public Debt 7.5 Fiscal Federalism 8. Monetary Policy and Credit Management 8.1 Monetary Policy 8.1.1 Monetary Policy Objectives 8.1.2 Monetary Transmission Mechanism 8.1.3 Constituents of Monetary Policy Reforms Since 1991 8.1.4 E-Money in India 8.1.5 Changing Monetary Policy Paradigm in India 8.2 Credit Policy 8.2.1 Allocation of Credit 8.2.2 Credit Market Reforms 9. Financial Institutions and Financial Markets 9.1 Financial Sector Vision 9.1.1 India’s Approach to Financial Sector Reforms 9.1.2 Financial Inclusion 9.2 Financial Institutions 9.2.1 Commercial Banks 9.2.2 Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) 9.2.3 Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs) 9.2.4 Rural Co-operative Credit Institutions 9.2.5 Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) 9.2.6 Non-banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) 9.2.7 Mutual Funds 9.2.8 Pension Funds 9.2.9 Insurance Organisations 9.3 Financial Markets 9.3.1 Money Market 9.3.2 Government Securities Market 9.3.3 Capital Market 9.3.4 Corporate Debt Market 9.3.5 Foreign Exchange Market 9.3.6 Payment Systems, Clearing and Settlement Infrastructure 9.3.7 Integration of Financial Markets 9.4 Financial Instruments 10. Labour and Employment 10.1 Labour Law Reforms 10.1.1 Trade Unions in the Changed Scenario 10.1.2 Issues in Labour Law Reforms 10.1.3 Unorganized (Informal) Workers 10.1.4 Second National Commission on Labour (NCL-II), 2002 10.2 Employment Generation 10.2.1 Direct Employment Programmes 10.2.2 Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), 2005 10.2.3 Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY) 10.2.4 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rojgar Yojana (SJSRY) 11. Health Security and Clean Living Conditions 11.1 Sarva Swasthya Abhiyan (SSA) 11.2 National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) 11.3 National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) 11.4 Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) 11.5 Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH) 11.6 Growth of Private Sector in Health Care 11.7 Health Insurance 11.7.1 Aam Admi Bima Yojana (AABY), 2007 11.7.2 Rashtriya Swasthaya Bima Yojana, 2007 11.8 Safe Drinking Water 11.8.1 Rural Water Supply 11.8.2 Urban Water Supply 11.9 Sanitation 11.9.1 Rural Sanitation 11.9.2 Urban Sanitation Including Solid Waste Management 11.10 Clean Living Conditions 12. Education, Training and Skill Development 12.1 Constitutional Provisions Regarding Education 12.2 Trends in Literacy Rates 12.3 Elementary Education 12.3.1 Select Programmes for Elementary Education 12.4 Secondary and Vocational Education 12.4.1 Secondary Education 12.4.2 Vocational Education 12.5 Higher and Technical Education 12.5.1 Higher Education 12.5.2 Technical Education 12.6 Adult Education 12.6.1 Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS) 12.7 Skill Development 12.7.1 Co-ordinated Action on Skill Development 12.7.2 National Policy on Skill Development (NPSD), 2009 13. Empowerment of Disadvantaged and Vulnerable Groups 13.1 Scheduled Castes (SCs) 13.2 Scheduled Tribes (STs) 13.3 Other Backward Classes (OBCs) 13.4 De-notified Nomadic and Semi-nomadic Tribes 13.5 Minorities 13.5.1 Prime Minister’s New 15-Point Programme for Minorities 13.6 Persons with Disabilities 13.7 Older Persons 13.8 Social Deviants 13.8.1 Juvenile Delinquents 13.8.2 Drug Addicts 13.9 Beggars 14. Environment Status and Policy 14.1 Relationship between Development and Environment 14.2 Environmental Problems in India 14.3 Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) 14.4 Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 14.5 National Green Tribunal Act (NGTA), 2010 14.6 National Green Tribunal (NGT) 14.7 National Environment Policy (NEP), 2006 14.8 Land and Soil Degradation 14.9 Water Pollution 14.10 Air and Noise Pollution 14.11 Depletion and Degradation of Forests 14.12 Mining Activities and Ecological Balance 14.13 Protection of Biological Diversity 14.14 Urbanization and Environment 14.15 Rural Development and Environment 14.16 Disaster Management 14.17 Climate Change 15. Foreign Trade and Investment 15.1 Changing Pattern of World Trade 15.1.1 Emergence of World Trade Organization (WTO) 15.1.2 Globalization and International Trade 15.2 India’s Post-Independence Trade Policy 15.3 Legal and Institutional Framework for Foreign Trade 15.3.1 Constitutional Provisions and the Law 15.3.2 Department of Commerce, Ministry of Commerce and Industry 15.4 Export Promotion Policy 15.5 Import Policy 15.6 External Debt and External Aid 15.7 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) 15.8 Foreign Portfolio Investment 15.9 WTO and India 15.10 India’s Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) 15.11 India’s Look East Policy Part II: State-wise Economic Survey 16. Andhra Pradesh: The Rice Bowl of India 16.1 History and Geography 16.2 State Economy: General 16.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 16.3.1 Horticulture 16.3.2 Livestock and Livestock Products 16.3.3 Forestry 16.3.4 Sericulture 16.3.5 Fisheries 16.4 Industry and Minerals 16.4.1 Industrial Sector 16.4.2 Mineral Resources 16.4.3 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 16.4.4 Andhra Pradesh Industrial Development Corporation Ltd (APIDC) 16.5 Services Sector 16.5.1 Information Technology 16.5.2 Tourism 16.6 Economic Infrastructure 16.6.1 Power 16.6.2 Transport 16.7 Social Infrastructure 16.7.1 Education 16.7.2 Health 16.8 Summing Up 17. Arunachal Pradesh: Nature's Treasure Trove 17.1 History and Geography 17.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 17.2.1 Location-specific Strategy of Development 17.2.2 Convergence of Allied Activities 17.2.3 Technology Transfer 17.2.4 Supply of Inputs 17.2.5 Research and Technology Package 17.2.6 Marketing Infrastructure 17.2.7 Agro-processing 17.3 Industry and Minerals 17.3.1 Industrial Policy, 2008 17.4 Tourism 17.5 Transport 17.5.1 Roads 17.5.2 Civil Aviation 17.6 Educational Institutions 17.7 Summing Up 18. Assam: Gateway to the North-East 18.1 History and Geography 18.2 State Economy: General 18.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 18.3.1 Tea Production 18.3.2 Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 18.3.3 Sericulture 18.3.4 Forest Resources 18.3.5 Bamboo 18.4 Industry and Minerals 18.4.1 Industrial Policy, 2003 18.4.2 Oil and Gas Based Industries 18.4.3 Mineral Resources 18.4.4 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 18.4.5 Central Public Sector Undertakings 18.5 Services Sector 18.5.1 Information Technology Policy of Assam, 2000 (ITPA, 2000) 18.5.2 Tourism 18.6 Economic Infrastructure 18.6.1 Transport 18.7 Social Infrastructure 18.7.1 Health 18.7.2 Education 18.8 Summing Up 19. Bihar: Towards Economic Renaissance 19.1 History and Geography 19.2 State Economy: General 19.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 19.4 Industrial Sector 19.4.1 Bihar Industrial Area Development Authority (BIADA) 19.4.2 Bihar Industrial Incentive Policy, 2011 19.5 Services Sector 19.5.1 Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Policy, 2011 19.5.2 Tourism 19.6 Economic Infrastructure 19.7 Social Infrastructure 19.7.1 Health Facilities 19.7.2 Education and Training 19.8 Summing Up 20. Chhattisgarh: Power Hub of India 20.1 History and Geography 20.2 State Economy: General 20.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 20.3.1 Irrigation 20.3.2 Forests 20.4 Industry and Minerals 20.4.1 Industry Policy and Development 20.4.2 Minerals Resources 20.5 Services Sector 20.5.1 Information Technology (IT) Policy 20.5.2 Tourism Policy 20.6 Economic Infrastructure 20.6.1 Power 20.6.2 Transport Network 20.6.3 Communications 20.7 Social Infrastructure 20.8 Summing Up 21. Goa: Jewel in India’s Crown 21.1 History and Geography 21.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 21.3 Industry and Minerals 21.4 Tourism 21.5 Transport Network 21.5.1 Railways 21.5.2 Road and Road Transport 21.5.3 Sea Ports 21.5.4 Civil Aviation 21.6 Education and Training 21.7 Summing Up 22. Gujarat: The Land of Legends 22.1 History and Geography 22.2 State Economy: General 22.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 22.4 Industry and Minerals 22.4.1 Industrial Policy and Development 22.4.2 Mines and Minerals 22.4.3 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 22.5 Tourism Sector 22.5.1 India's Jurassic Park, Balasinor 22.6 Economic Infrastructure 22.6.1 Power Sector 22.6.2 Transport Network 22.7 Social Infrastructure 22.8 Summing Up 23. Haryana: The Land of Antiquity and Plenty 23.1 History and Geography 23.2 State Economy: General 23.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 23.4 Industrial Policy and Development 23.4.1 Industrial and Investment Policy, 2011 23.4.2 Haryana State Industrial Development Corporation (HSIDC) 23.4.3 Theme Parks 23.4.4 Cluster Development 23.4.5 Inland Container Depots 23.4.6 Prominent Industrial Centres 23.4.7 Textiles and Readymade Garments 23.4.8 Agro-based and Food Processing Industry 23.4.9 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 23.5 Services Sector 23.6 Economic Infrastructure 23.6.1 Power 23.6.2 Transport Network 23.6.3 Communications 23.7 Social infrastructure 23.8 Summing Up 24. Himachal Pradesh: Land of Natural Beauty 24.1 History and Geography 24.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 24.3 Industrial Policy and Development 24.3.1 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 24.3.2 Himachal Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation (HPSIDC) 24.4 Services Sector 24.4.1 Information Technology 24.4.2 Tourism Policy 24.5 Economic Infrastructure 24.5.1 Power 24.5.2 Transport Network 24.6 Social Infrastructure 24.7 Summing Up 25. Jammu and Kashmir: Paradise on Earth 25.1 History and Geography 25.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 25.3 Industry and Minerals 25.3.1 Important Industrial Areas 25.3.2 Handicrafts 25.3.3 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 25.3.4 J&K State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. (J&K SIDCO) 25.3.5 J&K Industrial and Technical Consultancy Organisation Ltd. (J&K ITCO) 25.3.6 J&K State Financial Corporation (J&K SFC) 25.3.7 Small Industries Service Institute (SISI) 25.4 Services Sector 25.4.1 Information Technology 25.4.2 Tourism 25.5 Economic Infrastructure 25.5.1 Transport Network 25.6 Social Infrastructure 25.7 Summing Up 26. Jharkhand: Piece of Gold 26.1 History and Geography 26.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 26.3 Industry and Minerals 26.4 Services Sector 26.4.1 Information Technology (IT) 26.4.2 Tourism 26.5 Economic Infrastructure 26.5.1 Power 26.5.2 Transport Network 26.5.3 Communication 26.6 Social Infrastructure 26.6.1 Education and Training 26.6.2 Healthcare Services 26.7 Summing Up 27. Karnataka: Silicon Valley of India 27.1 History and Geography 27.2 State Economy: General 27.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 27.4 Industry and Minerals 27.4.1 Karnataka State Investment and Industrial Development Corporation (KSIIDC) 27.4.2 Prominent Industries 27.4.3 Biotechnology 27.4.4 Minerals 27.4.5 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 27.5 Services Sector 27.5.1 Information Technology 27.5.2 Tourism Policy 27.6 Economic Infrastructure 27.6.1 Transport Network 27.6.2 Communications 27.7 Social Infrastructure 27.7.1 Education and Training 27.7.2 Healthcare Facilities 27.8 Summing Up 28. Kerala: God's Own Country 28.1 History and Geography 28.2 State Economy: General 28.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 28.3.1 Fisheries 28.4 Industrial Policy and Development 28.4.1 Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (KINFRA) 28.4.2 Prominent Industries 28.4.3 Biotech Policy 28.4.4 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 28.5 Services Sector 28.5.1 Information Technology (IT) 28.5.2 Tourism 28.6 Economic Infrastructure 28.6.1 Power 28.6.2 Transport Network 28.6.3 Communications 28.7 Social Infrastructure 28.8 Summing Up 29. Madhya Pradesh: Fast-track State 29.1 History and Geography 29.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 29.3 Industry and Minerals 29.3.1 Madhya Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation (MPSIDC) 29.3.2 Objectives of Industrial Policy 29.3.3 Biotechnology Policy 29.3.4 Prominent Industries 29.3.5 Minerals 29.3.6 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 29.4 Services Sector 29.4.1 Information Technology (IT) 29.4.2 Tourism 29.5 Economic Infrastructure 29.5.1 Power 29.5.2 Transport Network 29.5.3 Special Economic Zones (SEZs) 29.5.4 Food Parks 29.6 Social Infrastructure 29.7 Summing Up 30. Maharashtra: Economic Powerhouse of India 30.1 History and Geography 30.2 State Economy: General 30.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 30.4 Industrial Policy and Development 30.4.1 Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC) 30.4.2 Major Industrial Centres 30.4.3 Prominent Industries 30.4.4 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 30.5 Services Sector 30.5.1 Information Technology (IT) 30.5.2 Financial Services 30.5.3 Tourism 30.5.4 Leisure and Entertainment 30.6 Economic Infrastructure 30.6.1 Power 30.6.2 Transport Network 30.6.3 Special Economic Zones (SEZs) 30.7 Social Infrastructure 30.7.1 Healthcare Services 30.7.2 Education and Training 30.8 Summing Up 31. Manipur: Jewelled Land 31.1 History and Geography 31.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 31.3 Industry and Mineral 31.3.1 Handloom Industry 31.3.2 Handicrafts Industry 31.3.3 Food Processing Industry 31.3.4 Village and Small Enterprises Training Programmes 31.3.5 Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) 31.3.6 Mineral Development 31.4 Services Sector 31.4.1 Information Technology (IT) Policy 31.4.2 Tourism 31.5 Economic Infrastructure 31.6 Social Infrastructure 31.6.1 Healthcare Services 31.6.2 Education and Training 31.7 Summing Up 32. Meghalaya: Abode of Clouds 32.1 History and Geography 32.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 32.2.1 Horticulture 32.2.2 Rivers and Rainfall 32.3 Industry and Mineral 32.4 Tourism 32.4.1 Meghalaya Tourism Policy, 2011 32.5 Economic Infrastructure 32.6 Social Infrastructure 32.6.1 Healthcare Facilities 32.6.2 Education and Training 32.7 Summing Up 33. Mizoram: Storehouse of Natural Beauty 33.1 History and Geography 33.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 33.3 Industry 33.4 Services Sector 33.4.1 Information Technology (IT) Policy 33.4.2 Tourism 33.5 Economic Infrastructure 33.5.1 Transport Network 33.6 Social Infrastructure 33.6.1 Healthcare Services 33.6.2 Education and Training 33.7 Summing Up 34. Nagaland: Land of Festivals 34.1 History and Geography 34.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 34.3 Industry 34.4 Tourism 34.5 Economic Infrastructure 34.6 Social Infrastructure 34.6.1 Healthcare Services 34.6.2 Technical Education 34.7 Summing Up 35. Odisha: Favourite Investment Destination 35.1 History and Geography 35.2 State Economy: General 35.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 35.3.1 Agriculture Policy 35.3.2 Agricultural Extension Services 35.3.3 Reservoir Fishery Policy 35.4 Industry and Minerals 35.4.1 Three-Tier Single Window Clearance Mechanism 35.4.2 Institutions for Industrial Development 35.4.3 Prominent Industrial Sectors 35.4.4 Public Private Partnership (PPP) Policy 35.4.5 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 35.5 Services Sector 35.5.1 Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Policy 35.5.2 Tourism 35.6 Economic Infrastructure 35.6.1 Power 35.6.2 Transport Network 35.7 Social Infrastructure 35.7.1 Healthcare Facilities 35.7.2 Education and Training 35.8 Summing Up 36. Punjab: Bread-basket of India 36.1 History and Geography 36.2 State Economy: General 36.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 36.4 Industrial Policy and Development 36.4.1 Industrial Policy, 2003 36.4.2 Single Window Clearance 36.4.3 Punjab State Industrial Development Corporation (PSIDC) 36.4.4 Major Commercial/Business Centres 36.4.5 Prominent Industries 36.4.6 Biotech Policy, 2006 36.4.7 Prominent Companies/Business Houses 36.5 Services Sector 36.5.1 Information Technology (IT) 36.5.2 Tourism 36.6 Economic Infrastructure 36.6.1 Power 36.6.2 Transport Network 36.7 Social Infrastructure 36.7.1 Healthcare Services 36.7.2 Education and Training 36.8 Summing Up 37. Rajasthan: Land of Valour and Sacrifice 37.1 History and Geography 37.2 State Economy: General 37.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 37.4 Industry and Minerals 37.4.1 Prominent Industries 37.4.2 Prominent Companies/Business enterprises 37.5 Services Sector 37.5.1 Information Technology (IT) 37.5.2 Tourism 37.6 Economic Infrastructure 37.6.1 Power 37.6.2 Transport Network 37.6.3 Special Economic Zone (SEZ) Policy 37.7 Social Infrastructure 37.7.1 Healthcare Services 37.7.2 Education and Training 37.8 Summing Up 38. Sikkim: The Goodly Region 38.1 History and Geography 38.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 38.3 Industry and Minerals 38.4 Services Sector 38.4.1 Information Technology (IT) 38.4.2 Tourism 38.5 Economic Infrastructure 38.5.1 Power 38.5.2 Transport Network 38.6 Social Infrastructure 38.7 Summing Up 39. Tamil Nadu: Industrial Hub of India 39.1 History and Geography 39.2 State Economy: General 39.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 39.4 Industry and Minerals 39.4.1 Textiles Policy, 2006-07 39.4.2 Coimbatore Pumps and Motors Manufacturing Cluster 39.4.3 Bio-technology Policy 39.4.4 Prominent Industries 39.4.5 Mineral Resources 39.4.6 Prominent Companies/Business Groups 39.4.7 Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. (TIDCO) 39.5 Services Sector 39.5.1 Information Technology (IT) 39.5.2 Financial Services 39.5.3 Tourism 39.6 Economic Infrastructure 39.6.1 Power 39.6.2 Transport Network 39.6.3 Telecommunications 39.7 Social Infrastructure 39.7.1 Healthcare Services 39.7.2 Education and Training 39.8 Summing Up 40. Tripura: Land of Myths and Legends 40.1 History and Geography 40.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 40.3 Industry and Minerals 40.4 Services Sector 40.4.1 Information Technology (IT) 40.5 Economic Infrastructure 40.5.1 Transport Network 40.6 Social Infrastructure 40.6.1 Healthcare Services 40.6.2 Education and Training 40.7 Summing Up 41. Uttarakhand: Land of the Gods 41.1 History and Geography 41.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 41.3 Industry and Minerals 41.3.1 Industrial Policy, 2003 41.3.2 Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion 41.3.3 Biotechnology 41.3.4 Agro- and Forest-based Industries 41.3.5 Mineral Resources 41.3.6 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises 41.4 Services Sector 41.4.1 Information Technology (IT) 41.4.2 Tourism 41.5 Economic Infrastructure 41.5.1 Power 41.5.2 Transport Network 41.6 Social Infrastructure 41.7 Summing Up 42. Uttar Pradesh: Land of Ganga-Yamuna Culture 42.1 History and Geography 42.2 State Economy: General 42.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 42.3.1 Animal Husbandry 42.3.2 Irrigation and Fisheries 42.4 Industry and Minerals 42.5 Services Sector 42.5.1 Information Technology (IT) 42.5.2 Tourism 42.6 Economic Infrastructure 42.6.1 Power 42.6.2 Transport Network 42.6.3 Telecommunication 42.7 Social Infrastructure 42.7.1 Healthcare Facilities 42.7.2 Education and Training 42.8 Summing Up 43. West Bengal: The Green State 43.1 History and Geography 43.2 State Economy: General 43.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities 43.3.1 Agri-Export Zones (AEZs) 43.4 Industry and Minerals 43.4.1 West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation (WBIDC) 43.4.2 Industrial Regions 43.4.3 Biotech Policy 43.4.4 Leather Industry 43.4.5 Restructuring of Public Sector Enterprises 43.4.6 Mineral Policy 43.4.7 Prominent Companies/Business Groups 43.5 Services Sector 43.5.1 Information Technology (IT) 43.5.2 Tourism 43.6 Economic Infrastructure 43.6.1 Power 43.6.2 Transport Network 43.7 Social Infrastructure 43.7.1 Healthcare Facilities 43.7.2 Education and Training 43.8 Summing Up Part III: Union Territory-wise Economic Survey 44. Andaman and Nicobar Islands: String of Pearls 44.1 History and Geography 44.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 44.3 Industry 44.4 Tourism 44.5 Economic Infrastructure 44.6 Summing Up 45. Chandigarh: City Beautiful 45.1 History and Geography 45.2 Industry 45.3 Services Sector 45.3.1 Information Technology (IT) 45.3.2 Tourism 45.4 Economic Infrastructure 45.5 Social Infrastructure 45.6 Summing Up 46. Dadra and Nagar Haveli: Weekend Getaway of Western India 46.1 History and Geography 46.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 46.3 Industry and Minerals 46.4 Tourism 46.5 Economic Infrastructure 46.6 Social Infrastructure 46.7 Summing Up 47. Daman and Diu: The Portuguese Connections 47.1 History and Geography 47.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 47.3 Industry and Minerals 47.4 Tourism 47.5 Economic Infrastructure 47.6 Summing Up 48. Delhi: Heart of India 48.1 History and Geography 48.2 Industry and Trade 48.3 Services Sector 48.3.1 Information Technology (IT) 48.3.2 Tourism 48.4 Economic Infrastructure 48.4.1 Transport Network 48.5 Social Infrastructure 48.6 Summing Up 49. Lakshadweep: Untouched Beauty 49.1 History and Geography 49.2 Fisheries 49.3 Industry 49.4 Tourism 49.5 Economic Infrastructure 49.6 Social Infrastructure 49.6.1 Healthcare Facilities 49.6.2 Education and Training 49.7 Summing Up 50. Puducherry: The French Connections 50.1 History and Geography 50.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities 50.3 Industry 50.4 Tourism 50.5 Economic Infrastructure 50.6 Education and Spirituality 50.7 Summing Up Part IV: Socio-economic Statistics of States and Union Territories in India Table 1: Population-wise Ranking of States and Union Territories in India (Descending order), Census 2011 Table 2: Area-wise Ranking of States and Union Territories in India (Descending order) Table 3: Ranking of Major States in India in Terms of Birth Rate (Ascending order), 2011 Table 4: Ranking of Major States in India in Terms of Death Rate (Ascending order), 2011 Table 5: Ranking of States and Union Territories in India in Terms of Infant Mortality Rate (Ascending order), 2011 Table 6: Ranking of Major States in India in Terms of Life Expectancy at Birth (Descending order), 2006-2010 Table 7: Ranking of States and Union Territories in India in Terms of Literacy Rate (Descending order), 2011 Table 8: Ranking of States and Union Territories in India in Terms of Net State Domestic Product (NSDP) at Current Prices, 2011-12 Table 9: Ranking of States and Union Territories in India in Terms of Per Capita Net State Domestic Product (NSDP) at Current Prices, 2011-12 Table 10: Revenue Receipts of the State Governments as Percent of Gross State Domestic Product, 2011-12 Table 11: Ranking of States and Union Territories in India in Terms of Human Development Index (HDI), 2011 Bibliography; Index
Summary: India was a typically backward economy at the time of Independence in 1947. Due to poor technological and scientific capabilities, industrialisation was limited and lop-sided. Agricultural sector exhibited features of feudal and semi-feudal institutions, resulting into low productivity. Means of transport and communications were underdeveloped. Educational and health facilities were grossly inadequate and social security measures were virtually non-existent. In short, the country suffered from the twin problems of rampant poverty and widespread unemployment, both making for low general standard of living. After 65 years of development efforts, India is presently one of world’s fastest growing economies. Lately, it has emerged as a global economic power, the leading outsourcing destination and a favourite of international investors. Exuding confidence in the future of the Indian economy, Finance Minister P. Chidambaram in his Budget Speech to the Parliament on February 28, 2013 observed, “We are the tenth largest economy in the world. We can become the eighth, or perhaps the seventh, largest by 2017. By 2025, we could become a US$ 5 trillion economy, and among the top five in the world. What we will become depends on us and on the choices that we make.” India is a Union of States with a federal set up. Politically, the country is divided into 28 States and 7 Union Territories, collectively called the Republic of India. India's diverse economy encompasses traditional village farming, modern agriculture, fisheries, handicrafts, a wide range of modern industries, and a multitude of services. The Constitution of India, the longest and the most exhaustive constitution of any independent nation in the world, was adopted on November 26, 1949, and became operative on January 26, 1950. It provides for two layers of Government, one at the Central level, and the other at the level of the States. A federal polity of this kind requires division of powers and responsibilities between the Centre and the States. Hence, the Constitution describes in detail the legislative powers and functions of the two tiers of Government.
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1. India at a Glance
1.1 Physiography and Relief
1.2 Range of Biodiversity
1.3 Agro-climatic Zones
1.4 Water Resources
1.5 Climate
1.5.1 Evaporation
1.5.2 Temperature
1.5.3 Rainfall
1.6 Demography
1.7 Cultural Pattern
1.8 Political and Governance Structure
1.8.1 India: A Federal Polity
1.8.2 Parliamentary Government
1.9 President
1.9.1 Vice-President
1.10 Prime Minister
1.10.1 Civil Services
1.10.2 Cabinet Secretary
1.11 Judiciary
1.11.1 Public Interest Litigation (PIL)
1.12 Socio-economic Transformation

2. Human and Natural Resources
2.1 Human Resources
2.1.1 Characteristics of India’s Population
2.1.2 Highlights of 2011 Census
2.1.3 Population Policy
2.1.4 Demographic Dividend Hypothesis
2.2 Natural Resources
2.2.1 Land Resources
2.2.2 Water Resources
2.2.3 Forest Resources
2.2.4 Mineral Resources

3. Poverty and Economic Planning
3.1 Problem of Poverty
3.1.1 Poverty Line Defined
3.1.2 Causes of Poverty
3.1.3 Incidence of Poverty
3.1.4 Eleventh Plan on Poverty
3.1.5 Expert Group on Poverty (Chairman: Suresh Tendulkar), 2009
3.2 Economic Planning
3.2.1 Establishment of the Planning Commission
3.2.2 Establishment of National Development Council (NDC)
3.2.3 Objectives of Economic Planning in India
3.2.4 Assessment of Planning Experience

4. Agriculture and Rural Development
4.1 Agriculture
4.1.1 Role of Agriculture in the Indian Economy
4.1.2 Use Distribution of India’s Geographical Area
4.1.3 Subsistence Nature of Farming and Small-sized Holdings
4.1.4 Cropping Pattern in Indian Agriculture
4.1.5 Classification of Agricultural Crops
4.1.6 Low Productivity of Indian Agriculture
4.1.7 Causes of Low Productivity
4.1.8 Declining Share of Agriculture in Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
4.2 Rural Development
4.2.1 Degree of Ruralisation
4.2.2 Rural Employment Programmes
4.2.4 Rural Credit
4.2.5 Rural Housing
4.2.6 Rural Transport and Communications
4.2.7 Rural Electrification
4.2.8 Rural Water Supply
4.2.9 Rural Health and Family Welfare
4.2.10 Rural Sanitation and Cleanliness
4.2.11 Rural Education and Training
4.2.12 E-governance in Rural Areas

5. Industry and Minerals
5.1 Industrial Policy and Development
5.1.1 Pre-Independence Period
5.1.2 Industrial Policy Resolution, 1948
5.1.3 Industrial Policy Resolution, 1956
5.1.4 Industrial Licensing Policy Inquiry Committee (ILPIC), 1969
5.1.5 Industrial Policy Statements 1973, 1977 and 1980
5.1.6 New Economic Policy and Industrial Liberalisation, 1985
5.1.7 Industrial Policy Statement, 1991
5.1.8 Select Legislations Regulating Industrial Activities
5.1.9 Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP)
5.1.10 Select Institutions for Industrial Development
5.1.11 Public Sector Enterprises
5.1.12 Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)
5.1.13 Industrial Finance and Development Finance Institutions (DFIs)
5.1.14 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for Industrial Development
5.1.15 Industrial Relations and Labour Laws
5.2 Mineral Wealth of India
5.2.1 Importance of Minerals
5.2.2 Present Mineral Scenario
5.2.3 National Mineral Policy (NMP), 2008
5.2.4 Initiatives Taken for Implementation of NMP, 2008

6. Infrastructure Development and Services
6.1 India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL)
6.2 Power Sector Reforms
6.2.1 Electricity Act, 2003
6.2.2 Electricity Rules, 2005
6.2.3 National Electricity Policy, 2005
6.2.4 Private Enterprise in Power Sector
6.3 Transport Sector
6.3.1 Indian Railways
6.3.2 Roads and Road Transport
6.3.3 Shipping and Ports
6.3.4 Civil Aviation
6.4 Telecommunications
6.4.1 National Telecom Policy (NTP), 2011 and 2012
6.5 IT and IT-enabled Services
6.6 Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
6.6.1 Special Economic Zones Act, 2005

7. Fiscal Policy and Reforms
7.1 Government Budgeting
7.1.1 Revenue Budget
7.1.2 Capital Budget
7.1.3 Various Measures of Budget Deficit
7.1.4 Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act, 2003
7.2 Taxation Policy
7.2.1 Income Tax
7.2.2 Wealth Tax
7.2.3 Union Excise Duties
7.2.4 Taxation of Services
7.2.5 Customs Duties
7.3 Public Expenditure
7.4 Public Debt
7.5 Fiscal Federalism

8. Monetary Policy and Credit Management
8.1 Monetary Policy
8.1.1 Monetary Policy Objectives
8.1.2 Monetary Transmission Mechanism
8.1.3 Constituents of Monetary Policy Reforms Since 1991
8.1.4 E-Money in India
8.1.5 Changing Monetary Policy Paradigm in India
8.2 Credit Policy
8.2.1 Allocation of Credit
8.2.2 Credit Market Reforms

9. Financial Institutions and Financial Markets
9.1 Financial Sector Vision
9.1.1 India’s Approach to Financial Sector Reforms
9.1.2 Financial Inclusion
9.2 Financial Institutions
9.2.1 Commercial Banks
9.2.2 Regional Rural Banks (RRBs)
9.2.3 Urban Co-operative Banks (UCBs)
9.2.4 Rural Co-operative Credit Institutions
9.2.5 Development Finance Institutions (DFIs)
9.2.6 Non-banking Financial Companies (NBFCs)
9.2.7 Mutual Funds
9.2.8 Pension Funds
9.2.9 Insurance Organisations
9.3 Financial Markets
9.3.1 Money Market
9.3.2 Government Securities Market
9.3.3 Capital Market
9.3.4 Corporate Debt Market
9.3.5 Foreign Exchange Market
9.3.6 Payment Systems, Clearing and Settlement Infrastructure
9.3.7 Integration of Financial Markets
9.4 Financial Instruments

10. Labour and Employment
10.1 Labour Law Reforms
10.1.1 Trade Unions in the Changed Scenario
10.1.2 Issues in Labour Law Reforms
10.1.3 Unorganized (Informal) Workers
10.1.4 Second National Commission on Labour (NCL-II), 2002
10.2 Employment Generation
10.2.1 Direct Employment Programmes
10.2.2 Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), 2005
10.2.3 Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY)
10.2.4 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rojgar Yojana (SJSRY)

11. Health Security and Clean Living Conditions
11.1 Sarva Swasthya Abhiyan (SSA)
11.2 National Urban Health Mission (NUHM)
11.3 National Rural Health Mission (NRHM)
11.4 Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY)
11.5 Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH)
11.6 Growth of Private Sector in Health Care
11.7 Health Insurance
11.7.1 Aam Admi Bima Yojana (AABY), 2007
11.7.2 Rashtriya Swasthaya Bima Yojana, 2007
11.8 Safe Drinking Water
11.8.1 Rural Water Supply
11.8.2 Urban Water Supply
11.9 Sanitation
11.9.1 Rural Sanitation
11.9.2 Urban Sanitation Including Solid Waste Management
11.10 Clean Living Conditions

12. Education, Training and Skill Development
12.1 Constitutional Provisions Regarding Education
12.2 Trends in Literacy Rates
12.3 Elementary Education
12.3.1 Select Programmes for Elementary Education
12.4 Secondary and Vocational Education
12.4.1 Secondary Education
12.4.2 Vocational Education
12.5 Higher and Technical Education
12.5.1 Higher Education
12.5.2 Technical Education
12.6 Adult Education
12.6.1 Jan Shikshan Sansthan (JSS)
12.7 Skill Development
12.7.1 Co-ordinated Action on Skill Development
12.7.2 National Policy on Skill Development (NPSD), 2009

13. Empowerment of Disadvantaged and Vulnerable Groups
13.1 Scheduled Castes (SCs)
13.2 Scheduled Tribes (STs)
13.3 Other Backward Classes (OBCs)
13.4 De-notified Nomadic and Semi-nomadic Tribes
13.5 Minorities
13.5.1 Prime Minister’s New 15-Point Programme for Minorities
13.6 Persons with Disabilities
13.7 Older Persons
13.8 Social Deviants
13.8.1 Juvenile Delinquents
13.8.2 Drug Addicts
13.9 Beggars

14. Environment Status and Policy
14.1 Relationship between Development and Environment
14.2 Environmental Problems in India
14.3 Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF)
14.4 Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
14.5 National Green Tribunal Act (NGTA), 2010
14.6 National Green Tribunal (NGT)
14.7 National Environment Policy (NEP), 2006
14.8 Land and Soil Degradation
14.9 Water Pollution
14.10 Air and Noise Pollution
14.11 Depletion and Degradation of Forests
14.12 Mining Activities and Ecological Balance
14.13 Protection of Biological Diversity
14.14 Urbanization and Environment
14.15 Rural Development and Environment
14.16 Disaster Management
14.17 Climate Change

15. Foreign Trade and Investment
15.1 Changing Pattern of World Trade
15.1.1 Emergence of World Trade Organization (WTO)
15.1.2 Globalization and International Trade
15.2 India’s Post-Independence Trade Policy
15.3 Legal and Institutional Framework for Foreign Trade
15.3.1 Constitutional Provisions and the Law
15.3.2 Department of Commerce, Ministry of Commerce and Industry
15.4 Export Promotion Policy
15.5 Import Policy
15.6 External Debt and External Aid
15.7 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
15.8 Foreign Portfolio Investment
15.9 WTO and India
15.10 India’s Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs)
15.11 India’s Look East Policy

Part II: State-wise Economic Survey

16. Andhra Pradesh: The Rice Bowl of India
16.1 History and Geography
16.2 State Economy: General
16.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
16.3.1 Horticulture
16.3.2 Livestock and Livestock Products
16.3.3 Forestry
16.3.4 Sericulture
16.3.5 Fisheries
16.4 Industry and Minerals
16.4.1 Industrial Sector
16.4.2 Mineral Resources
16.4.3 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
16.4.4 Andhra Pradesh Industrial Development Corporation Ltd (APIDC)
16.5 Services Sector
16.5.1 Information Technology
16.5.2 Tourism
16.6 Economic Infrastructure
16.6.1 Power
16.6.2 Transport
16.7 Social Infrastructure
16.7.1 Education
16.7.2 Health
16.8 Summing Up

17. Arunachal Pradesh: Nature's Treasure Trove
17.1 History and Geography
17.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
17.2.1 Location-specific Strategy of Development
17.2.2 Convergence of Allied Activities
17.2.3 Technology Transfer
17.2.4 Supply of Inputs
17.2.5 Research and Technology Package
17.2.6 Marketing Infrastructure
17.2.7 Agro-processing
17.3 Industry and Minerals
17.3.1 Industrial Policy, 2008
17.4 Tourism
17.5 Transport
17.5.1 Roads
17.5.2 Civil Aviation
17.6 Educational Institutions
17.7 Summing Up

18. Assam: Gateway to the North-East
18.1 History and Geography
18.2 State Economy: General
18.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
18.3.1 Tea Production
18.3.2 Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
18.3.3 Sericulture
18.3.4 Forest Resources
18.3.5 Bamboo
18.4 Industry and Minerals
18.4.1 Industrial Policy, 2003
18.4.2 Oil and Gas Based Industries
18.4.3 Mineral Resources
18.4.4 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
18.4.5 Central Public Sector Undertakings
18.5 Services Sector
18.5.1 Information Technology Policy of Assam, 2000 (ITPA, 2000)
18.5.2 Tourism
18.6 Economic Infrastructure
18.6.1 Transport
18.7 Social Infrastructure
18.7.1 Health
18.7.2 Education
18.8 Summing Up

19. Bihar: Towards Economic Renaissance
19.1 History and Geography
19.2 State Economy: General
19.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
19.4 Industrial Sector
19.4.1 Bihar Industrial Area Development Authority (BIADA)
19.4.2 Bihar Industrial Incentive Policy, 2011
19.5 Services Sector
19.5.1 Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Policy, 2011
19.5.2 Tourism
19.6 Economic Infrastructure
19.7 Social Infrastructure
19.7.1 Health Facilities
19.7.2 Education and Training
19.8 Summing Up

20. Chhattisgarh: Power Hub of India
20.1 History and Geography
20.2 State Economy: General
20.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
20.3.1 Irrigation
20.3.2 Forests
20.4 Industry and Minerals
20.4.1 Industry Policy and Development
20.4.2 Minerals Resources
20.5 Services Sector
20.5.1 Information Technology (IT) Policy
20.5.2 Tourism Policy
20.6 Economic Infrastructure
20.6.1 Power
20.6.2 Transport Network
20.6.3 Communications
20.7 Social Infrastructure
20.8 Summing Up

21. Goa: Jewel in India’s Crown
21.1 History and Geography
21.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
21.3 Industry and Minerals
21.4 Tourism
21.5 Transport Network
21.5.1 Railways
21.5.2 Road and Road Transport
21.5.3 Sea Ports
21.5.4 Civil Aviation
21.6 Education and Training
21.7 Summing Up

22. Gujarat: The Land of Legends
22.1 History and Geography
22.2 State Economy: General
22.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
22.4 Industry and Minerals
22.4.1 Industrial Policy and Development
22.4.2 Mines and Minerals
22.4.3 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
22.5 Tourism Sector
22.5.1 India's Jurassic Park, Balasinor
22.6 Economic Infrastructure
22.6.1 Power Sector
22.6.2 Transport Network
22.7 Social Infrastructure
22.8 Summing Up

23. Haryana: The Land of Antiquity and Plenty
23.1 History and Geography
23.2 State Economy: General
23.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
23.4 Industrial Policy and Development
23.4.1 Industrial and Investment Policy, 2011
23.4.2 Haryana State Industrial Development Corporation (HSIDC)
23.4.3 Theme Parks
23.4.4 Cluster Development
23.4.5 Inland Container Depots
23.4.6 Prominent Industrial Centres
23.4.7 Textiles and Readymade Garments
23.4.8 Agro-based and Food Processing Industry
23.4.9 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
23.5 Services Sector
23.6 Economic Infrastructure
23.6.1 Power
23.6.2 Transport Network
23.6.3 Communications
23.7 Social infrastructure
23.8 Summing Up

24. Himachal Pradesh: Land of Natural Beauty
24.1 History and Geography
24.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
24.3 Industrial Policy and Development
24.3.1 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
24.3.2 Himachal Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation (HPSIDC)
24.4 Services Sector
24.4.1 Information Technology
24.4.2 Tourism Policy
24.5 Economic Infrastructure
24.5.1 Power
24.5.2 Transport Network
24.6 Social Infrastructure
24.7 Summing Up

25. Jammu and Kashmir: Paradise on Earth
25.1 History and Geography
25.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
25.3 Industry and Minerals
25.3.1 Important Industrial Areas
25.3.2 Handicrafts
25.3.3 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
25.3.4 J&K State Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. (J&K SIDCO)
25.3.5 J&K Industrial and Technical Consultancy Organisation Ltd. (J&K ITCO)
25.3.6 J&K State Financial Corporation (J&K SFC)
25.3.7 Small Industries Service Institute (SISI)
25.4 Services Sector
25.4.1 Information Technology
25.4.2 Tourism
25.5 Economic Infrastructure
25.5.1 Transport Network
25.6 Social Infrastructure
25.7 Summing Up

26. Jharkhand: Piece of Gold
26.1 History and Geography
26.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
26.3 Industry and Minerals
26.4 Services Sector
26.4.1 Information Technology (IT)
26.4.2 Tourism
26.5 Economic Infrastructure
26.5.1 Power
26.5.2 Transport Network
26.5.3 Communication
26.6 Social Infrastructure
26.6.1 Education and Training
26.6.2 Healthcare Services
26.7 Summing Up

27. Karnataka: Silicon Valley of India
27.1 History and Geography
27.2 State Economy: General
27.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
27.4 Industry and Minerals
27.4.1 Karnataka State Investment and Industrial Development Corporation (KSIIDC)
27.4.2 Prominent Industries
27.4.3 Biotechnology
27.4.4 Minerals
27.4.5 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
27.5 Services Sector
27.5.1 Information Technology
27.5.2 Tourism Policy
27.6 Economic Infrastructure
27.6.1 Transport Network
27.6.2 Communications
27.7 Social Infrastructure
27.7.1 Education and Training
27.7.2 Healthcare Facilities
27.8 Summing Up

28. Kerala: God's Own Country
28.1 History and Geography
28.2 State Economy: General
28.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
28.3.1 Fisheries
28.4 Industrial Policy and Development
28.4.1 Kerala Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation (KINFRA)
28.4.2 Prominent Industries
28.4.3 Biotech Policy
28.4.4 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
28.5 Services Sector
28.5.1 Information Technology (IT)
28.5.2 Tourism
28.6 Economic Infrastructure
28.6.1 Power
28.6.2 Transport Network
28.6.3 Communications
28.7 Social Infrastructure
28.8 Summing Up

29. Madhya Pradesh: Fast-track State
29.1 History and Geography
29.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
29.3 Industry and Minerals
29.3.1 Madhya Pradesh State Industrial Development Corporation (MPSIDC)
29.3.2 Objectives of Industrial Policy
29.3.3 Biotechnology Policy
29.3.4 Prominent Industries
29.3.5 Minerals
29.3.6 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
29.4 Services Sector
29.4.1 Information Technology (IT)
29.4.2 Tourism
29.5 Economic Infrastructure
29.5.1 Power
29.5.2 Transport Network
29.5.3 Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
29.5.4 Food Parks
29.6 Social Infrastructure
29.7 Summing Up

30. Maharashtra: Economic Powerhouse of India
30.1 History and Geography
30.2 State Economy: General
30.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
30.4 Industrial Policy and Development
30.4.1 Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC)
30.4.2 Major Industrial Centres
30.4.3 Prominent Industries
30.4.4 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
30.5 Services Sector
30.5.1 Information Technology (IT)
30.5.2 Financial Services
30.5.3 Tourism
30.5.4 Leisure and Entertainment
30.6 Economic Infrastructure
30.6.1 Power
30.6.2 Transport Network
30.6.3 Special Economic Zones (SEZs)
30.7 Social Infrastructure
30.7.1 Healthcare Services
30.7.2 Education and Training
30.8 Summing Up

31. Manipur: Jewelled Land
31.1 History and Geography
31.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
31.3 Industry and Mineral
31.3.1 Handloom Industry
31.3.2 Handicrafts Industry
31.3.3 Food Processing Industry
31.3.4 Village and Small Enterprises Training Programmes
31.3.5 Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs)
31.3.6 Mineral Development
31.4 Services Sector
31.4.1 Information Technology (IT) Policy
31.4.2 Tourism
31.5 Economic Infrastructure
31.6 Social Infrastructure
31.6.1 Healthcare Services
31.6.2 Education and Training
31.7 Summing Up

32. Meghalaya: Abode of Clouds
32.1 History and Geography
32.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
32.2.1 Horticulture
32.2.2 Rivers and Rainfall
32.3 Industry and Mineral
32.4 Tourism
32.4.1 Meghalaya Tourism Policy, 2011
32.5 Economic Infrastructure
32.6 Social Infrastructure
32.6.1 Healthcare Facilities
32.6.2 Education and Training
32.7 Summing Up

33. Mizoram: Storehouse of Natural Beauty
33.1 History and Geography
33.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
33.3 Industry
33.4 Services Sector
33.4.1 Information Technology (IT) Policy
33.4.2 Tourism
33.5 Economic Infrastructure
33.5.1 Transport Network
33.6 Social Infrastructure
33.6.1 Healthcare Services
33.6.2 Education and Training
33.7 Summing Up

34. Nagaland: Land of Festivals
34.1 History and Geography
34.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
34.3 Industry
34.4 Tourism
34.5 Economic Infrastructure
34.6 Social Infrastructure
34.6.1 Healthcare Services
34.6.2 Technical Education
34.7 Summing Up

35. Odisha: Favourite Investment Destination
35.1 History and Geography
35.2 State Economy: General
35.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
35.3.1 Agriculture Policy
35.3.2 Agricultural Extension Services
35.3.3 Reservoir Fishery Policy
35.4 Industry and Minerals
35.4.1 Three-Tier Single Window Clearance Mechanism
35.4.2 Institutions for Industrial Development
35.4.3 Prominent Industrial Sectors
35.4.4 Public Private Partnership (PPP) Policy
35.4.5 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
35.5 Services Sector
35.5.1 Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Policy
35.5.2 Tourism
35.6 Economic Infrastructure
35.6.1 Power
35.6.2 Transport Network
35.7 Social Infrastructure
35.7.1 Healthcare Facilities
35.7.2 Education and Training
35.8 Summing Up

36. Punjab: Bread-basket of India
36.1 History and Geography
36.2 State Economy: General
36.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
36.4 Industrial Policy and Development
36.4.1 Industrial Policy, 2003
36.4.2 Single Window Clearance
36.4.3 Punjab State Industrial Development Corporation (PSIDC)
36.4.4 Major Commercial/Business Centres
36.4.5 Prominent Industries
36.4.6 Biotech Policy, 2006
36.4.7 Prominent Companies/Business Houses
36.5 Services Sector
36.5.1 Information Technology (IT)
36.5.2 Tourism
36.6 Economic Infrastructure
36.6.1 Power
36.6.2 Transport Network
36.7 Social Infrastructure
36.7.1 Healthcare Services
36.7.2 Education and Training
36.8 Summing Up

37. Rajasthan: Land of Valour and Sacrifice
37.1 History and Geography
37.2 State Economy: General
37.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
37.4 Industry and Minerals
37.4.1 Prominent Industries
37.4.2 Prominent Companies/Business enterprises
37.5 Services Sector
37.5.1 Information Technology (IT)
37.5.2 Tourism
37.6 Economic Infrastructure
37.6.1 Power
37.6.2 Transport Network
37.6.3 Special Economic Zone (SEZ) Policy
37.7 Social Infrastructure
37.7.1 Healthcare Services
37.7.2 Education and Training
37.8 Summing Up

38. Sikkim: The Goodly Region
38.1 History and Geography
38.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
38.3 Industry and Minerals
38.4 Services Sector
38.4.1 Information Technology (IT)
38.4.2 Tourism
38.5 Economic Infrastructure
38.5.1 Power
38.5.2 Transport Network
38.6 Social Infrastructure
38.7 Summing Up

39. Tamil Nadu: Industrial Hub of India
39.1 History and Geography
39.2 State Economy: General
39.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
39.4 Industry and Minerals
39.4.1 Textiles Policy, 2006-07
39.4.2 Coimbatore Pumps and Motors Manufacturing Cluster
39.4.3 Bio-technology Policy
39.4.4 Prominent Industries
39.4.5 Mineral Resources
39.4.6 Prominent Companies/Business Groups
39.4.7 Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation Ltd. (TIDCO)
39.5 Services Sector
39.5.1 Information Technology (IT)
39.5.2 Financial Services
39.5.3 Tourism
39.6 Economic Infrastructure
39.6.1 Power
39.6.2 Transport Network
39.6.3 Telecommunications
39.7 Social Infrastructure
39.7.1 Healthcare Services
39.7.2 Education and Training
39.8 Summing Up

40. Tripura: Land of Myths and Legends
40.1 History and Geography
40.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
40.3 Industry and Minerals
40.4 Services Sector
40.4.1 Information Technology (IT)
40.5 Economic Infrastructure
40.5.1 Transport Network
40.6 Social Infrastructure
40.6.1 Healthcare Services
40.6.2 Education and Training
40.7 Summing Up

41. Uttarakhand: Land of the Gods
41.1 History and Geography
41.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
41.3 Industry and Minerals
41.3.1 Industrial Policy, 2003
41.3.2 Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion
41.3.3 Biotechnology
41.3.4 Agro- and Forest-based Industries
41.3.5 Mineral Resources
41.3.6 Prominent Companies/Business Enterprises
41.4 Services Sector
41.4.1 Information Technology (IT)
41.4.2 Tourism
41.5 Economic Infrastructure
41.5.1 Power
41.5.2 Transport Network
41.6 Social Infrastructure
41.7 Summing Up

42. Uttar Pradesh: Land of Ganga-Yamuna Culture
42.1 History and Geography
42.2 State Economy: General
42.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
42.3.1 Animal Husbandry
42.3.2 Irrigation and Fisheries
42.4 Industry and Minerals
42.5 Services Sector
42.5.1 Information Technology (IT)
42.5.2 Tourism
42.6 Economic Infrastructure
42.6.1 Power
42.6.2 Transport Network
42.6.3 Telecommunication
42.7 Social Infrastructure
42.7.1 Healthcare Facilities
42.7.2 Education and Training
42.8 Summing Up

43. West Bengal: The Green State
43.1 History and Geography
43.2 State Economy: General
43.3 Agriculture and Allied Activities
43.3.1 Agri-Export Zones (AEZs)
43.4 Industry and Minerals
43.4.1 West Bengal Industrial Development Corporation (WBIDC)
43.4.2 Industrial Regions
43.4.3 Biotech Policy
43.4.4 Leather Industry
43.4.5 Restructuring of Public Sector Enterprises
43.4.6 Mineral Policy
43.4.7 Prominent Companies/Business Groups
43.5 Services Sector
43.5.1 Information Technology (IT)
43.5.2 Tourism
43.6 Economic Infrastructure
43.6.1 Power
43.6.2 Transport Network
43.7 Social Infrastructure
43.7.1 Healthcare Facilities
43.7.2 Education and Training
43.8 Summing Up

Part III: Union Territory-wise Economic Survey

44. Andaman and Nicobar Islands: String of Pearls
44.1 History and Geography
44.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
44.3 Industry
44.4 Tourism
44.5 Economic Infrastructure
44.6 Summing Up

45. Chandigarh: City Beautiful
45.1 History and Geography
45.2 Industry
45.3 Services Sector
45.3.1 Information Technology (IT)
45.3.2 Tourism
45.4 Economic Infrastructure
45.5 Social Infrastructure
45.6 Summing Up

46. Dadra and Nagar Haveli: Weekend Getaway of Western India
46.1 History and Geography
46.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
46.3 Industry and Minerals
46.4 Tourism
46.5 Economic Infrastructure
46.6 Social Infrastructure
46.7 Summing Up

47. Daman and Diu: The Portuguese Connections
47.1 History and Geography
47.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
47.3 Industry and Minerals
47.4 Tourism
47.5 Economic Infrastructure
47.6 Summing Up

48. Delhi: Heart of India
48.1 History and Geography
48.2 Industry and Trade
48.3 Services Sector
48.3.1 Information Technology (IT)
48.3.2 Tourism
48.4 Economic Infrastructure
48.4.1 Transport Network
48.5 Social Infrastructure
48.6 Summing Up

49. Lakshadweep: Untouched Beauty
49.1 History and Geography
49.2 Fisheries
49.3 Industry
49.4 Tourism
49.5 Economic Infrastructure
49.6 Social Infrastructure
49.6.1 Healthcare Facilities
49.6.2 Education and Training
49.7 Summing Up

50. Puducherry: The French Connections
50.1 History and Geography
50.2 Agriculture and Allied Activities
50.3 Industry
50.4 Tourism
50.5 Economic Infrastructure
50.6 Education and Spirituality
50.7 Summing Up

Part IV: Socio-economic Statistics of States and Union Territories in India
Table 1: Population-wise Ranking of States and Union Territories in India (Descending order), Census 2011
Table 2: Area-wise Ranking of States and Union Territories in India (Descending order)
Table 3: Ranking of Major States in India in Terms of Birth Rate (Ascending order), 2011
Table 4: Ranking of Major States in India in Terms of Death Rate (Ascending order), 2011
Table 5: Ranking of States and Union Territories in India in Terms of Infant Mortality Rate (Ascending order), 2011
Table 6: Ranking of Major States in India in Terms of Life Expectancy at Birth (Descending order), 2006-2010
Table 7: Ranking of States and Union Territories in India in Terms of Literacy Rate (Descending order), 2011
Table 8: Ranking of States and Union Territories in India in Terms of Net State Domestic Product (NSDP) at Current Prices, 2011-12
Table 9: Ranking of States and Union Territories in India in Terms of Per Capita Net State Domestic Product (NSDP) at Current Prices, 2011-12
Table 10: Revenue Receipts of the State Governments as Percent of Gross State Domestic Product, 2011-12
Table 11: Ranking of States and Union Territories in India in Terms of Human Development Index (HDI), 2011

Bibliography; Index

India was a typically backward economy at the time of Independence in 1947. Due to poor technological and scientific capabilities, industrialisation was limited and lop-sided. Agricultural sector exhibited features of feudal and semi-feudal institutions, resulting into low productivity. Means of transport and communications were underdeveloped. Educational and health facilities were grossly inadequate and social security measures were virtually non-existent. In short, the country suffered from the twin problems of rampant poverty and widespread unemployment, both making for low general standard of living.

After 65 years of development efforts, India is presently one of world’s fastest growing economies. Lately, it has emerged as a global economic power, the leading outsourcing destination and a favourite of international investors. Exuding confidence in the future of the Indian economy, Finance Minister P. Chidambaram in his Budget Speech to the Parliament on February 28, 2013 observed, “We are the tenth largest economy in the world. We can become the eighth, or perhaps the seventh, largest by 2017. By 2025, we could become a US$ 5 trillion economy, and among the top five in the world. What we will become depends on us and on the choices that we make.”

India is a Union of States with a federal set up. Politically, the country is divided into 28 States and 7 Union Territories, collectively called the Republic of India. India's diverse economy encompasses traditional village farming, modern agriculture, fisheries, handicrafts, a wide range of modern industries, and a multitude of services.

The Constitution of India, the longest and the most exhaustive constitution of any independent nation in the world, was adopted on November 26, 1949, and became operative on January 26, 1950. It provides for two layers of Government, one at the Central level, and the other at the level of the States. A federal polity of this kind requires division of powers and responsibilities between the Centre and the States. Hence, the Constitution describes in detail the legislative powers and functions of the two tiers of Government.

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