Healthy and orderly industrial relations in an enterprise generate democratic attitudes which lead to progress and stability. Eventhough workers demand equal say in decision-making, employers can and do resist these demands. This resistance has resulted in great dissatisfaction, distress and distrust among workers which they express through violent activities. This creates differences between employers and employees in the industrial world. Industrial disputes disturb the economic, social and political life of the whole country. So, in the interest of workers, employers and society at large, minimization of conflicts in various sectors is very important. Maintenance of industrial harmony is the need of the hour for enhancing labour productivity and developing Indian economy. Collaboration and cooperation is necessary to achieve organizational objectives. Therefore, it is essential that those who manage man-power resources understand human behavior. Modern industrialization has created a vast gap between the management and labour because of the workers lack of control over means of production. As employers are economically and socially powerful, workers are incapable of getting their grievances redressed. The evolution and approaches of industrial relations, its advantages, factors influencing it and the strategies employed are discussed in this book. Legislation relating to industrial relations, dispute resolution policy and role played by trade unions in maintaining good industrial relations are detailed. The purpose of industrial relations is to secure the highest possible level of mutual understanding and goodwill among the several groups which participate in production and other associated activities.