The aim of the present study is to identify the determinants of major vegetables' return on investment (RoI) in Telangana state, India. Primary data have been collected from vegetable growers by using multi-stage random sampling method through structured schedule. Descriptive statistics and multiple natural log linear regressions have been employed. The present study revealed that medium farm size growers have received highest profitsINR 62,700.4 (63.2 per cent to their revenue). It seems that they were only more efficient producers compared to other farm size growers. Among all crops, ridge guard growers have received highest profits INR 81,640.9 (74.3 per cent to their revenue), but beans grower's RoI was highest (227.9 per cent). However, majority (84.5 per cent) of growers have received economies of scale. Profits and marketed surplus have positive and negative significant effect on return on investment respectively and remaining variables are not showing any significant effect but there is association with RoI. 91.2 per cent of the variation in the RoI explained by all independent variables. The hypothesis is rejected. It states that there is a significant effect of profits and marketed surplus on RoI, but marketed surplus is not positive effect in the study area.